Social Psychology And Sociology And Psychology - 1450 Words

Social Psychology is a broad field that incorporates aspects of both the sciences of Sociology and Psychology. This field of study is designed to help answer the question as to why people display certain behaviors due to their interaction with others. This field of study is very interesting due to its practicality, in regards to real-life demonstration, usage, and observation. In my life, I have held several jobs that have been heavily influenced by the dynamics of those who were around me. One job in particular was focused within the service industry; this ended with my resignation due to the unfavorable circumstances that I encountered in the work environment. Prior to making the decision to even apply for this job, I had been hesitant due to former employees and peers, who had reported poor working conditions. Despite the negative reviews that I had heard I went forward with my application, enticed by the idea of making more than minimum wage and working in an area close to my hou se. It was during this time period that I experienced one of the terms that we had learned during our class, known as post-decision cognitive dissonance. Later I would experience firsthand the concept of stereotype threat and conformity effect; both in a negative way, which would lead to my final resignation. This paper will explain several key terms that have are essential to social psychology; while also connecting them to a real life event that demonstrates their practicality in usage.Show MoreRelatedSocial Psychology : Sociology And Psychology3827 Words   |  16 Pages2. Social Psychology draws from many different disciplines. These include anthropology, biology, neurology, philosophy, sociology, and psychology. The two main disciplines that have influenced social psychology are sociology and psychology. According to the textbook, â€Å"sociology is the scientific study of human society,† (6). This encompasses all aspects of society such as its institutions (religion, government, school, families, etc.). Also, how society is stratified, or arranged, according to suchRead MoreSocial Psychology Definition Paper1122 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Psychology Definition Paper Sinthia Brye PSY/ 400 August 30, 2010 Joyce Willis Social Psychology Introduction Social psychology it observes as the influence of our situations with special attention on how we view and affect one another. Social psychology perceives the way we think, influence people, and relates to others. Social psychology lies at psychology’s boundary with sociology, which sociology is the study of people in groups and societies? Social psychology isRead MoreHistorical Reference Of Social Psychology1169 Words   |  5 Pages Historical Reference of Social Psychology Social psychology uses scientific methods to understand how people’s opinions and behaviors are influenced by the actual presence or the implied presence of others. Social psychology is an integrative field that builds the gap between psychology and sociology. Sociology, on the other hand, is the scientific study of human behavior. In addition, social psychology is a comparatively new field that originated in the early 20th century. In 1954 Gordon AllportRead MorePsychology And Sociology And Psychology1612 Words   |  7 PagesWhen we think of society or people, and their behavior, psychology and sociology come to our mind. This is because they are academic fields that posses the same main idea, which is the study of the behavior. Although these two sciences have enormous differences, for those whom never had read anything about this topics it would seem the same. Despite bearing some superficial similarities, the differences between sociology and psychology are pronounced. Actually the main contrast between them isRead MoreThree Disciplines1097 Words   |  5 Pagesways, but if I had to choose between anthropology, psychology, and sociology, I would have to choose psychology. The reasoning behind it will be explained in detail but it can be broken down to three main reasons; being the first discipline with verified results and facts rather than unproven theories, having more post-high school opportunities considering that I wish to pursue a career in business, and being the most in-depth discipline. Psychology has more quantitative information, more interestingRead MoreSociology: The Study of Humanity Essay1480 Words   |  6 PagesHowever new you are to sociology it is probable that you have an idea, however vague and general, regarding what sociology is supposed to be about. It may be that you have an idea that sociology is about people. And you would be right to think so. We might start then by noting that sociology is one of the human sciences and as such it is a subject to be distinguished from the so-called physical sciences. Sociology is the study of humanity. However this description of sociology is only partiallyRead MoreWhat is Psychology?925 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1929, psychology was defined as the study of consciousness. From about 1930 to1970, the definition of psychology changed with dealing more with the scientific study of behavior. From about 1970 on, psychology was defined as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. However, according to nowadays definition of psychology, it could be defined as the study of the behavior and human mind. Factors which influencing our behavior include physical, emotions, thoughts and social. It can helpRead MoreDramatic Social Change : A Social Psychological Perspective948 Words   |  4 Pages I have chosen in this article to write about Dramatic Social Change: A Social Psychological Perspective by Roxane de la Sablonnià ¨re, Laura French Bourgeois, Mariam Najihb (Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 2195-3325). Dramatic societal changes, such as the breakdown of the Soviet Union and the ongoing â€Å"Arab Spring† uprisings, are present throughout history and continue to reach millions of people every day. Alas, on that point is a dearth of empirical ‘real-world’ research due inRead MoreSocial Psychology : An Individual1117 Words   |  5 Pagesmeaning of social psychology will be introduced. The differences and similarities social psychology shares with certain fields of psychology will be clarified throughout this essay. Specific subjects such as attitudes, group behaviors, and other related sources will be cited throughout this essay. Some of the research methods used in social psychology to determine how individuals affect groups or how groups affect an individual will be discussed in this essay. Keywords: group behaviors, social cognitionRead MoreThe Study of Human Behavior in Given Situations1613 Words   |  7 PagesPsychology is a social science study that covers diverse subject topics and carries out different forms of research in order to understand the development and function of human beings. It is a scientific study that focuses on peoples mind and its functions especially those affecting behavior in a particular context. Psychology is divided into different branches, and each branch addresses its own form of content in relation to mental processes and behavior. Social psychology is one of the psychology

Samsung Electronics Strategic Analysis Free Essays

The strategy of Samsung Samsung’s strtegy has many admirable things to learn . One of the point to make the success of Samsung is its managers interested in long-term growth rather than short-term profit. . We will write a custom essay sample on Samsung Electronics Strategic Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Strategic thinking of the Samsung Group is focused on developing target market and making a huge bet on them. That ‘s the reason we don’t mention the short-term stratgy of Samsung bacause it isn’t the main point of Samsung;strategy and we can learn just a little thing from it. Come back to the long-term strategy of Samsung, we can devide it to 2 periods. Before the lawsuit with Apple Unlike other Android phone makers, Samsung chose a very different way which is competing head-to-head with Apple in the high-end smartphone segment, by creating products that have a similar design to the iPhone but do not forget to â€Å"put effort† for the low-range smartphone in order to control market share and create great motivation for the Galaxy’s brand name. While its competitors like Apple concentrated on creating new innovative products, Samsung waited their competitors test the market and then they determine the most suitable time to break into. It created the similar smartphones with those of other companies but better, faster and cheaper. When taking part in , Samsung will dominate the market with a series of models with various improvements that competitors can not keep up . This strategy has an interesting name in Vietnam :â€Å"di t? t, don d? u†. With this strategy, Samsung has many advantages when it has known the strengths or the wickness points to make the success and failure of its competitors. So it can decrese the risk when taking part in the market. After the lawsuit with Apple After having created a buzz in the market, Samsung started to follow their own direction that the Galaxy S III is the most typical example. No one can complain about the copyrihts when they compared the Galaxy S III to the iPhone 4S or iPhone 5. With products like the Galaxy S III or Galaxy Note, no one dared to say that Samsung copies competitors, they just rely on its opponents to make innovative products. How to cite Samsung Electronics Strategic Analysis, Essay examples

Digital Channels in Internal Communication

Question: Discuss about the Digital Channels in Internal Communication. Answer: Introduction: The reflective journal provides me an opportunity to explore the topic motivation and the literature revolving around it. Motivation is often described as the force which encourages people to behave in certain ways which leads to achievement of goals. Motivation is very important in todays business scenario as it is target driven. The journal allows me to explore the topic as a manager and pen down my experiences of leading and motivating my team of subordinates. The theories of motivation by authors like Herzberg and Maslow do not only apply to individuals alone. Motivation drives the human forces of the nations forward towards working together towards global integration. I have read several books, journals and articles which I can reflect on while expressing my feelings about the subject. I will also describe how I apply the theories and learning as a manager and relate real life situations from my managerial career. Motivation encourages and pushes individuals forward towards goals and helps them to accept challenges. It is the driving force behind leadership, innovations and entrepreneurship. The role of motivation has become so crucial to goal attainment today that it has established itself as a full-fledged topic of study. There are several theories to motivation which I will reflect upon in my writing and relate them to other areas like communication and leadership as well. Fredrick Irving Herzberg, an American psychologist proposed the two factor theory of motivation. He proposed that there are two factors which lead to motivation, the motivator factors and the hygiene factors. The motivator factors consist of factors which motivates employees like job satisfaction and recognitions. The hygiene factors comprises of things like employee good salary, company policies and benefits (Lin et al., 2015). Herzbergs two factor theory is closely related to Maslows Hierarchy of Needs which recognises five needs of individuals. The need for food, water and cloth consist of physiological needs while financial and personal security make up the safety needs. The other three needs are the need for love, the need for self esteem and the need of self actualisation through recognition for performances. The research conducted in Australia and China showed that the extrinsic factors of Herzbergs theory like high salary packages and benefits actually motivate the employees. These extrinsic factors correspond to the self esteem and the self actualisation needs stated in the Maslows theory. The studies prove that these two theories are so very applicable in the real life workplaces which prove their metal (Yusoff, Kian Idris, 2013). I am encouraged to think how these theories apply in the organisation where I work as a manager. The rise of demand for new housing projects motivated the owner to start a construction venture a few years back (Germak Robinson, 2014). The team of experts I manage are motivated by the salary and the benefits which they receive to perform better. Whenever a problem arises I motivate the team members to approach it rationally and help each other in finding a solution. This also helps me to maintain coordination among the employees in my team and avoid conflict (Moore, 2014). I have learnt that motivation encourages people to working together towards achievement of a common goal rather than blaming each other. Hawthorne effect proposed by Landsberger says that some employees work harder and perform better when they are under observation. It can be implied that observation stimulates the self actualisation needs in some employees. They do so to gain recognition in the eyes of their supervisors which help them to earn promotions and other benefits (McCambridge, Witton Elbourne, 2014). This again refers to the hygiene factors of the Hygiene theory by Herzberg. I as the manager work closely with the assistant manager and direct him on day to day basis. His performance has improved dramatically and he has received recognition for his performance. I always ensure that there exists a free and transparent flow of communication between my team members, including the assistant manager and myself. They are aware about the targets of the team and work together towards meeting them within the deadlines (Damij et al., 2015). As a manager I feel it is very important to motivate my team and guide them through problems. The previous manager was an autocrat who commanded the team and expected to do everything on its own. When I took charge I introduced the system f transformation of leadership by involving all the team members in making decisions on matters concerning them. Transformation leadership encourages managers and leaders to gain participation of all the team members and motivate them in doing so. I have succeeded in bringing about improvement in the team work culture and uplifted the spirits of my team (Dong et al., 2017). The management too encourages transformational leadership and managerial styles to motivate the employees and ensure that they perform better. This kind of leadership improves the performance of the companies as well. I can give a strong example to this from my present organisation. The organisation started its journey as an entrepreneurial venture and has grown into a public com pany which is backed by a team of motivated and target oriented workforce (Schaubroeck, Lam Peng, 2016). Communication is the basis for transformational management and motivation without which no department or organisation can stand. The previous manager was so autocratic that he only ordered the employees under him and did not communicate any plan or suggestion to the team. This led to lack of unity and conflict which eventually resulted in poor performance and deadline miss (Puni, Agyemang Asamoah, 2016). When I took the charge of the team, I encouraged the employees to communicate their problems they were encountering to me. I than prepared strategies to overcome those problems and shared them with my team members to decide on an action plan. I, with the help of the assistant manager then breakdown the action plan among the team members as per their competencies. This enables strategic management of the vast number of actions which integrate into the final output. The participa tion of all the members ensures that they are aware about the whole task and their individual responsibilities. It also helps them to coordinate their responsibilities and complete the task within time with minimum errors. My personal taught me that motivation is also very important in personal life too (Rothaermel, 2015). My wife was very nervous when she suddenly lost her job and was left without any source of income. I motivated her to start searching for jobs and confidently take interviews. I must say that my motivation worked and toady she is working in an MNC. Thus, motivation is so very important even in personal life and help people to get out of tough situations. Today when I sit back and contemplate about the managerial competencies I have achieved, I feel that I need to improve my communication skills. I dream of becoming a senior manager in a years time and chief manager in five years. When I reflect about my professional heights I want in achieve in the coming years, I feel that my communication skills and style need to evolve even more. I have learnt from my experiences that transparent communication is very importance for a team to perform. I have realised that motivation and communication are irreplaceable for total quality management (Sallis, 2014). There should be several ways in which employees in teams communicate with each other. I feel there should be a common platform where the team members and the managers can communicate their feelings and suggestions regarding tasks. There should be a second platform which will allow the interdependent departments to communicate with each other. The directors and the top managers should be ab le to share their views, instructions and so on with the entire organisation on a third platform. The main aims of these platforms should be ensuring transparency and coordination among the employees and the departments (Gladysheva, Verboom Arora, 2014). The communication channels should digital and not encourage use of paper which will allow the organisation to establish an environment friendly communication channel (Sisko Maarit Lipiinen, Ensio Karjaluoto, Nevalainen, 2014). The same applies to me and I have created a platform where all the team members communicate with each other. I have understood that this communication helps in creating team spirit on one hand and helps the team to preserve the secrecy of its strategies on the other hand. This understanding has made me see the fault in me as a manager and I wish to improve in the area within the coming year. As a manager, I am not well acquainted with some of my new team members and need to improve my knowledge on them. This realisation has made me understand that I may be good at motivating the team to participate in planning and execution of strategies but I need to improve my communication styles to be efficient enough to lead an expanding team. I am sure this will help me to manage teams under me when I will be a senior manager in a years time and a chief manager in five years. I must point out that an article I have found recently has helped me to realise the need to sharpen my communication skills to be better manager even more (Smet et al., 2016). As a manager I feel I am capable of managing a team and motivate my team members to participate actively in achievement of target. The new communication portal which allowed the team members to communicate with each other enhanced their level of coordination in the team. This sustainable approach of mine has brought about results and the customers were very satisfied with the high quality of products we delivered. The total quality management approach which I took was appreciated by the other teams and the management. Our team received the stakeholders satisfaction award because the TQM led to benefit of the stakeholders like management, society and the customers (Gimenez-Espin, Jimnez-Jimnez Martnez-Costa, 2013). This shows that I am a capable manager but I feel that I need to better my communication styles to be able to manage larger groups of people. I should interact with the new team members personally and introduce them to the rules of the team. I will train them on the working pattern of my team and then add them to the sustainable digital portals. As a manager I will monitor the performance of the new members to understand their style of work, background, approach and so on. Then I will allocate job responsibilities to them according to their areas of expertise and competencies. I will encourage the senior members to interact regularly with the juniors. This will allow the juniors to learn from the seniors and encourage innovative ideas in the team. Innovation is a powerful tool which helps teams to adapt to the changing situations and make appropriate strategies. I will encourage communication and innovation in the team to ensure healthy human relationship and conductive job environment (Victor et al., 2013). Motivation plays a very significant in achievement of goals and overcoming difficulties. It is so important in todays world that there are theories and researches revolving around it. I feel that motivation is not an isolated theory and has a role to play in several other theories and areas. For example, I motivated my employees to communicate with each other while planning their work and this resulted in reduction of errors. It helped in total control of the quality of production which benefitted the stakeholders like the management and the customers. Thus it can be pointed out that motivation has strong relation with two other theories, the stakeholders theory and the TQM. While reflecting on my managerial skills to motivate my team, I realised that communication plays a very important role. I need to improve my communication skills to be able to handle larger team of members. I also feel that motivation and communication go a long way in creating positive human relationship and work environment with teams and in the organisations as a whole. I wish to improve my communication skills to evolve into a better manager in my managerial career. References: Damij, N., Levnaji?, Z., Skrt, V. R., Suklan, J. (2015). What motivates us for work? Intricate web of factors beyond money and prestige.PloS one,10(7), e0132641. Dong, Y., Bartol, K. M., Zhang, Z. X., Li, C. (2017). Enhancing employee creativity via individual skill development and team knowledge sharing: Influences of dual?focused transformational leadership.Journal of Organizational Behavior,38(3), 439-458. Germak, A. J., Robinson, J. A. (2014). Exploring the motivation of nascent social entrepreneurs.Journal of Social Entrepreneurship,5(1), 5-21. Gimenez-Espin, J. A., Jimnez-Jimnez, D., Martnez-Costa, M. (2013). Organizational culture for total quality management.Total Quality Management Business Excellence,24(5-6), 678-692. Gladysheva, D., Verboom, J., Arora, P. (2014). The Art Tube: Strategies, perceptions and outcomes of museums online video portals.Digital Culture and Education,6(4), 393-408. Lin, X., Cai, S., Xu, D., Fu, X. (2015). Judging Online Peer-To-Peer Lending Behavior: An Integration of Dual System Framework and Two-Factor Theory. InPACIS(p. 138). McCambridge, J., Witton, J., Elbourne, D. R. (2014). Systematic review of the Hawthorne effect: new concepts are needed to study research participation effects.Journal of clinical epidemiology,67(3), 267-277. Moore, C. W. (2014).The mediation process: Practical strategies for resolving conflict. John Wiley Sons. Puni, A., Agyemang, C. B., Asamoah, E. S. (2016). Leadership styles, employee turnover intentions and counterproductive work behaviours.International Journal of Innovative Research and Development|| ISSN 22780211,5(1). Rothaermel, F. T. (2015).Strategic management. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Sallis, E. (2014).Total quality management in education. Routledge. Schaubroeck, J. M., Lam, S. S., Peng, A. C. (2016). Can peers ethical and transformational leadership improve coworkers service quality? A latent growth analysis.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,133, 45-58. Sisko Maarit Lipiinen, H., Ensio Karjaluoto, H., Nevalainen, M. (2014). Digital channels in the internal communication of a multinational corporation.Corporate Communications: An International Journal,19(3), 275-286. Smet, K., Vander Elst, T., Griep, Y., De Witte, H. (2016). The explanatory role of rumours in the reciprocal relationship between organizational change communication and job insecurity: a within-person approach.European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology,25(5), 631-644. Victor, M., Ballantyne, P., Le Borgne, E., Lema, Z. (2013). Communication in innovation platforms. Yusoff, W. F. W., Kian, T. S., Idris, M. T. M. (2013). Herzbergs Two Factors Theory On Work Motivation: Does Its Work For Todays Environment.Global journal of commerce and Management,2(5), 18-22.

The Role of Social Media

Introduction Social media is becoming a major force in the world of business. Human beings have created social networks to exchange ideas, views, concepts, and information (Bradley McDonald 2013). Social media increases the level of interaction among individuals in many societies.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Social Media specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Social media platforms ensure communities, organisations, and individuals create and share user-generated ideas or content (What Role Can Social Media Play For Your Business Organisation? 2014). Social media continues to change the way people and communities communicate between themselves. The role of social media and internet-based applications in organisations is immeasurable. Many businesses have succeeded because of their continued use of social media. This essay highlights the unique roles of social media in modern organisations. Role of Soci al Media in Contemporary Organisations: Advantages and Disadvantages Many corporations have succeeded because of new technological applications and resources. Companies are using modern technologies to create the best plans and strategies. Information technology (IT) has helped many firms address most of their problems. This approach has increased the level of communication and decision-making. The internet is ‘a powerful invention because it supports many operations and activities in every firm’ (Harris Rae 2009, p. 29). The globe is embracing the use of these modern technologies to provide quality customer services. Leaders and business managers are using new technologies to support their consumers. Every successful company uses new technologies to achieve its goals. Social media is a fundamental area of technology. Social media can take ‘different shapes such as social networks, internet blogs, online forums, wikis, photographs, book-markings, and podcastsâ₠¬â„¢ (Miner, 2007, p. 73). Many people are currently using social media to exchange photos and information. Many societies and agencies are currently using social media to spread new ideas to their audiences (Miner 2007). Mobile devices and cell phones are making social networking possible. Businesses also stand to gain a lot from these modern technologies. The approach will ‘equip employees with skills, opportunities, information, and resources to improve performance’ (Harris Rae 2009, p. 29).Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ulrich identifies the best framework to support organisational performance. Businesses are always focusing on the best practices to achieve their goals. Managers can use Ulrich’s framework to make their firms successful. According to this framework, technological innovations can promote human resource (HR) practices (Luthans Yous sef 2007). The organisational process should identify the targeted objectives and goals. A collaborative approach will ensure every HR manager mentors and supports his or her employees (Armstrong 2006). The strategic focus will place the firm on the right path. The approach will also encourage more companies to embrace the use of social media. The above discussion explains how social media empowers both managers and workers. The HR team will also address the challenges affecting every employee in the firm. Scholars have used Strategic Choice Theory to support the use of social media in every business firm. The theory examines every force in the business environment. Social media is a powerful external factor that affects the effectiveness of every firm. Companies should make the best adjustments in order to achieve their potentials. Social media is currently becoming a critical force in every environment. The theory ‘offers three approaches towards adapting every feasible opti on’ (Pearlman Gates 2010, p. 252). Every business should consider the best strategy to become profitable. Strategic Choice Theory encourages leaders to consider every viable approach. The decision depends on the existing factors or forces in the society. The above theories support the use of social media in businesses towards better performances and HR practices. Social media supports many practices in a business. Human Resource Management (HRM) is a critical practice in every firm. HRM seeks to improve the level of business performance by supporting the changing needs of every worker. HR managers ensure every employee gets the best support and remuneration. The department formulates the best systems, strategies, and policies depending on the nature of the organisation (Bradley McDonald 2013). Social media is a critical tool towards better HR practices. HR managers can train, monitor, and recruit new workers using such social media resources.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Social Media specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Social media promotes collaboration between employees and HR managers. The practice ensures every worker is contented with his or her working environment. Many HR managers have gained their objectives because of these social networks (Hausman Siekpe 2009). Social media also improves the quality of communication in every firm. Modern technologies ‘allow staff and managers to communicate using video-conferencing, online chats, and social networks’ (Bradley McDonald 2013, p. 63). The practice has helped managers monitor their employees and address the issues affecting their working environments (Bradley McDonald 2013). Social media discourages the formation of organisational hierarchies. Every employee wants to interact with his or her boss. The approach will ensure such employees engage in immediate decision-making processes. Social media p romotes the level of interaction between leaders and their employees. The practice has created new situations in many organisations. Many employees are now able to support their business goals using social media (Harris Rae 2009). The other benefit of social media is the ability to promote marketing. Companies can use mobile networks and social media resources to inform their customers about every new service or product. Such companies will attract more customers and eventually achieve their objectives. Companies can use different platforms such as Facebook.com and Google+ to improve their marketing strategies. Wal-Mart ‘uses social media to inform more consumers about its services’ (Moth, 2013, p. 2). Many companies ‘are now embracing social media to promote their products’ (Taufique Shahriar 2011, p. 18). Social media also encourages and supports electronic commerce (e-commerce). The internet has increased the number of services and goods purchased onli ne. This practice explains why e-commerce is common in many countries (Harris Rae 2009). Companies such as eBay and Amazon.com use social media to inform their customers about every new product.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A large number of companies are using social media networks to achieve their targets. Every customer wants to buy his or her product via the internet. Online business practices are becoming common today than ever before (Taufique Shahriar 2011). The above advantages explain why social media is relevant for every organisation. Social media is a major strength because it promotes business productivity. Social media has reduced the costs incurred by many organisations. Companies can use social media to support their employees. Every HR manager can use social media to empower his or her employees. This situation explains why social media remains critical for many businesses. Marketers and manufacturers can use the internet to communicate with their stakeholders and customers. The customers can provide immediate feedbacks about every service or product. Firms can use social media to identify the best market segments. Online marketing and targeting identifies various customers ‘dep ending on their needs and expectations’ (Kaplan Haenlein 2010, p. 64). Marketers use such segments to market their commodities successfully. Such firms can use ‘consumer behaviours, psychographics, and demographics to market their products’ (Singh 2009, p. 24). Business managers should consider the best strategies in order to place their organisations on the right path. Social media transforms every business practice and decision-making process. This discussion explains why many organisations are embracing the use of various online-based applications. Social media also has its share of weaknesses. According to Pearlman and Gates (2010), social media increases chances of hacking. Hackers can launch virus attacks or commit detrimental frauds. Such malpractices will affect the performance of every firm. Analysts have identified how social media can potentially reduce the level of employee commitment and productivity. Some employees will use social media application s for their personal gains. These employees ‘will become less productive if they are busy chatting with their friends or updating their statuses’ (Taufique Shahriar 2011, p. 16). Hackers can deceive most of these employees using various online traps. Such strategies will eventually result in identify theft or data loss. This practice can have detrimental impacts on the performance of every business. Social media can tarnish the image of an organisation (Norton 2011). Some employees may post new tweets or comments that might affect the company’s image. Wal-Mart Corporation is one of the primary retailers in many parts of the globe. The retailer focuses on the best opportunities and environmental forces in order to attain its business potentials (Pan Li 2011). Wal-Mart uses different social networks such as Facebook.com and Twitter.com to increase its online activities and presence. The HR managers at Wal-Mart use social media to communicate with their workers. T his practice has ‘supported the relationships between the employees and managers at Wal-Mart’ (Moth 2013, p. 2). Conclusion The current use of social networks has become a mandatory practice for many entrepreneurs and firms. Wal-Mart Corporation has remained a leading retailer in many nations across the world. The company also improves its HR practices using social networks such as Twitter and Facebook.com. The above discussion explains why companies should use social media to improve their HR practices and business performances. Social media has become a requirement for many corporations. Social media has made Wal-Mart a leading competitor in its industry. Marketers can use social media to increase their sales and profits. According to Abraham (2012), social media increases the level of business profitability. Companies can create dynamic teams using social media applications. Corporations can also use social networks to make accurate and realistic HR decisions. Every business should also evaluate the challenges associated with social media such as hacking and data loss. This practice will improve the level of productivity. Reference List Abraham, S 2012, ‘Development of Employee Engagement Programme on the basis of Employee Satisfaction Survey’, Journal of Economic Development, Management, IT, Finance and Marketing, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 27-37. Armstrong, M 2006, A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice, Kogan Page Limited, London. Bradley, A McDonald, M 2013, The Social Organisation: How to Use Social Media to Tap the Collective Genius of Your Customers and Employees, Harvard Business Review Press, Chicago. Harris, L Rae, A 2009, ‘Social networks: the future of marketing for small business’, Journal of Business Strategy, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 24-31. Hausman, A Siekpe, J 2009, ‘The effect of web interface features on consumer online purchase intentions’, Journal of Business Research, vol. 62, no. 1, p p. 5-13. Kaplan, A Haenlein, M 2010, ‘Users of the World, Unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media’, Business Horizons, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 59-68. Luthans, F Youssef, C 2007, ‘Emerging Positive Organisational Behavior’, Journal of Management, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 321-349. Miner, J 2007, Organisational Behavior: From theory to Practice, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Moth, D 2013, How Wal-Mart uses Pinterest, Facebook, Twitter and Google+. Web. Norton, C 2011, The Seven deadly disadvantages of Social Media. Web. Pan, B Li, X 2011, ‘The long tail of destination image and online marketing’, Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 132-152. Pearlman, D Gates, A 2010, ‘Hosting business meetings and special events in virtual worlds: A fad or the future’, Journal of Convention Event Tourism, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 247-265. Raymond, A 2011, Fundamentals of human resource management, McGraw-Hill, New York. Singh, K 2009, Organisational Behavior: Text and Cases, Oxford University Press, Oxford. Taufique, K Shahriar, F 2011, ‘Online Social media as a driver of buzz marketing: Who’s riding?’, Annual Conference on Innovations in Business Management, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1-23. What Role Can Social Media Play For Your Business Organisation? 2014. Web. 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America is a violent society essays

America is a violent society essays Undoubtedly, America is a violent society. Each year in America there are 11 127 firearm homicides. Compared to other countries this is an extremely large amount of guns. Why is it that there are so many deaths due to firearms in America than in any other country? We will explore possible reasons why America is such a violent society to answer this question. Somehow people in America have brainwashed themselves into believing that owning a gun enhances safety. America has the highest rate of firearm ownership than any other country. With about 200 million guns its a gun crazy country . But why is it that if guns enhance safety there are more and more deaths due to firearms than any other country? If guns ensure safety then there should be fewer deaths. Owning a gun doesnt guarantee safety. Its an illusion. Almost half of American households own firearms. They have these firearms because they believe these potentially fatal weapons provide safety for their families and themselves. A very large proportion of the gun related deaths in America are due to people mistaking family members for burglars. This is not safety. Firearms in America are very easily accessed. In the documentary, bowling for columbine, Michael Moore has shown simply and effectively how easily guns and ammunition can be accessed in America. In America you can open a bank account and as a bonus you get a free gun. They offer you a wide choice of guns when you open up an account. The bank is also an authorized federal arms dealer. Michael Moore discovered this gun offer in the local newspaper that showed a gun across the top with the heading More bang for your buck . After receiving his gun Michael then went to the local barber-shop for a haircut, where he purchased hassle-free bullets. The two boys from the columbine shooting, Dylan Klebold and Eric Harris bought their guns from a gun show and their bullets ...

Using Maps with American Literature as Informational Texts

Using Maps with American Literature as Informational Texts Teachers of American literature in middle or high school classrooms have the opportunity to select from a little over  400 years of writing by American authors. Because each author offers a different perspective on the American experience, teachers may also choose to provide the geographic context that influenced each of the authors taught in a curriculum. In American literature, geography is often central to an authors narrative.   Representing the geography of where an author was born, raised, educated, or wrote can be done on a map, and the creation of such a map involves the discipline of cartography. Cartography or Map Making The International Cartographic Association (ICA)  defines cartography: Cartography is the discipline dealing with the conception, production, dissemination and study of maps. Cartography is also about representation – the map. This means that cartography is the whole process of mapping. The  structural models  of cartography  can be used to  describe the process of mapping for an  academic discipline. Supporting the use of maps in the study of literature to better understand how geography has informed or influenced an author is made in an  argument made by  Sà ©bastien Caquard and William Cartwright in their 2014  article  Narrative Cartography: From Mapping Stories to the Narrative of Maps and Mapping  Ã‚  published in  The Cartographic Journal. The article explains how  the potential of maps to both decipher and tell stories is virtually unlimited. Teachers may use maps that help students better comprehend how the geography of America may influence authors and their literature. Their description of narrative cartography is an aim,  to shed light on some of the facets of the rich and complex relationships between maps and narratives. Influence of Geography on American Authors Studying the  geography that influenced the authors of American literature can mean using some of the lenses of social sciences such as  economics,  political science,  human  geography,  demography,   psychology  or  sociology. Teachers may spend time in class and provide the cultural geography background of the authors who penned the most traditional selections of literature in high school  such as Nathanial Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter, Mark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, John Steinbecks Of Mice and Men.   In each of  these selections, as in most American literature,  the  context of an authors  community,  culture, and relationships is  tied to specific time and location. For example, the geography of colonial settlements is seen in the  first pieces of American literature, beginning with a  1608 memoir by Captain John Smith, English explorer and  leader of Jamestown (Virginia). The explorers accounts are combined in a piece  titled  Ã‚  A True Relation of Such Occurrences and Accidents of Noate as Hath Happened in Virginia.   In this recounting, consider by many to be wildly exaggerated, Smith describes  the story of  Pocahontas saving his life from the hand of Powhatan.   More recently, the 2016 winner of the Pulitzer Prize  Ã‚  for fiction  was written by  Viet Thanh Nguyen  who  was born in Vietnam and raised in America. His story  The Sympathizer  is described as, A layered immigrant tale told in the wry, confessional voice of a man of two minds- and two countries, Vietnam and the United States. In this award-winning narrative, the contrast of these two cultural geographies is central to the story. The American Writers Museum: Digital Literary Maps There are a number of different digital  map resources available to teachers with Internet access  to use in providing students background information. Should teachers want to give  students an opportunity to research American authors, a good starting place might be the American Writers Museum,  A National Museum Celebrating American Writers. The museum already has a digital presence, with their physical offices scheduled to open in Chicago in 2017. The mission of the  American Writers Museum is to engage the public in celebrating American writers and exploring their influence on our history, our identity, our culture, and our daily lives. One featured page on the museums  website is a Literary America  map  that features  American writers from all over the country.  Visitors can  click on a states icon to see what literary landmarks are located there   such as author homes and museums, book festivals, literary archives,  or even an authors final resting places.   This Literary America  map will help students meet several of the goals of the new American Writers Museum which are to: Educate the public about American writers – past and present;Engage visitors to the Museum in exploring the many exciting worlds created by the spoken and written word;Enrich and deepen appreciation for good writing in all its forms;Inspire visitors  to discover, or rediscover, a love of reading and writing. Teachers should know that the digital Literary America map on the museums website is interactive, and there are links to multiple other websites. For example, by clicking on New York State icon, students could choose to be connected to an obituary on the New York Public Librarys website for  J.D. Salinger,  author of Catcher in the Rye. Another click on the New York State icon could  take students to  a news story about the 343 boxes  containing the  personal papers and documents of the poet  Maya Angelou  that were acquired  by the  Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture. This acquisition was featured in an article in the NY Times, Schomburg Center in Harlem Acquires Maya Angelou Archive  and there are links to many of these documents. There are links on the Pennsylvania state icon to museums dedicated to authors born in the state. For example, students can choose between Edgar Allan Poe National Historical SitePearl S. Buck HouseZane Grey Museum Similarly, a click on the Texas state icon offers students an opportunity to digitally visit three museums dedicated to the American short story author, William S. Porter, who wrote under the pen name O.Henry: O. Henry HouseO. Henry MuseumWilliam Sidney Porter, O. Henry Museum The State of  California offers multiple sites for students to explore on American authors who had a presence in the state: Eugene O’Neill National Historic SiteJack London State Historic ParkJohn Muir National Historic SiteNational Steinbeck CenterRobinson Jeffers Tor House FoundationThe Beat MuseumWill Rogers Ranch Additional Literary Author Map Collections 1. At the Clark Library (University of Michigan Library) there are a number of literary maps  for students to view.  One such  literary map was drawn by  Charles Hook Heffelfinger (1956).  This map lists the last names of many American writers along with their principal works within the state in which the book takes place. The description of the map states: As with many literary maps, while many of the works included may have been commercial successes at the time of the map’s publication in 1956, not all of them are still acclaimed today. Some classics are included, however, such as  Gone With the Wind  by Margaret Mitchell and  The Last of the Mohicans  by James Fenimore Cooper. These maps can be shared as a projection in class, or students can follow the link themselves. 2. The Library of Congress  offers an online collection  of maps titled, Language of the Land: Journeys Into Literary America. According to the website:   The inspiration for this exhibition was the Library of Congresss collection of literary mapsmaps that acknowledge the contributions of authors to a specific state or region as well as those that depict the geographical locations in works of fiction or fantasy.   This exhibition includes the  1949  Booklovers Map  published by R.R. Bowker of New York which  features important points of interest across America’s historical, cultural, and literary landscape at the time. There are many different maps in this online  collection, and the promotional description for the exhibition reads: From Robert Frosts New England farms to John Steinbecks California valleys to Eudora Weltys Mississippi Delta, American authors have shaped our view of Americas regional landscapes in all their astonishing variety. They have created unforgettable characters, inseparably identified with the territory they inhabit. Author Maps AreInformational Texts Maps can be used as informational texts in the English Language Arts classroom as part of the key shifts educators can use in order to  integrate the Common Core State Standards.  These key shifts of the  Common Core  state that: Students must be immersed in information about the world around them if they are to develop the strong general knowledge and vocabulary they need to become successful readers and be prepared for college, career, and life. Informational texts play an important part in building students’ content knowledge. English teachers can use  maps as informational texts to build student background knowledge and improve comprehension. The use of maps as informational texts  could be covered under the following standards: CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.8.7  Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of using different mediums (e.g., print or digital text, video, multimedia) to present a particular topic or idea. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.9-10.7  Analyze various accounts of a subject told in different mediums (e.g., a persons life story in both print and multimedia), determining which details are emphasized in each account. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.11-12.7  Integrate and evaluate multiple sources of information presented in different media or formats (e.g., visually, quantitatively) as well as in words in order to address a question or solve a problem. Conclusion Letting students explore American authors in their geographic and historic context through cartography, or mapmaking, can help their comprehension of American literature. The visual representation of the geography that contributed to a work of literature is best represented by a map. The use of maps   in the English classroom  can also help students develop an appreciation of Americas literary geography while increasing their familiarity with the  visual language of maps for other content areas.

Avian influenza Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Avian influenza - Essay Example The swine flu epidemic of 2009 made things look worse. Efforts since then had been consistently attempting to be ever-ready for an influenza epidemic through improving global surveillance and response capacity. The H5N1 avian flu virus was highly pathogenic and had caused disease widely in wild birds and poultry (CDC, 2009). It caused 408 human cases by February 2009. Guidance for testing of suspected human cases infected with pathological avian flu with H5N1 influenza virus were provided. Enhanced surveillance by local and national health care services was to continue. Cases were to be notified to the local and national authorities immediately a presumptive diagnosis is made. Follow-up of cases was a necessity. In the US, information had to be transferred to the CDC (CDC, 2009). Guidelines for diagnosis Testing and reporting guidelines had been established by the CDC. A person diagnosed presumptively with avian flu had to be hospitalized because it could end fatally. Another require ment for hospitalization was that the temperature of the patient would be equal to or more than 38Â °C. The patient could have any other respiratory illness like pneumonia or acute or severe respiratory illness (CDC, 2009). ... The infection was spread through droplet infection when in close contact. Procedure for diagnosis Clinicians needed to notify the local and higher authorities when a person was to be diagnosed using laboratory tests. Specific guidelines were also followed for the clinicians who performed the specimen collection and testing. Protective equipment for the clinicians was to be strictly used to prevent any contamination of the body parts with the suspected or confirmed person with H5N1 virus and when entering the room where aerosol generating procedures have been used where such a patient was lying in (CDC, 2009). The respiratory protector (N-95) filtering face mask, goggles, face shield, latex gloves, gown and head covering were all included (CDC, 2009). In the absence of a particulate respirator, other certified respirators like the NIOSH-certified N-, R-, or P-class respirators could be used. The aerosol-generating procedures could be done only with the N-95 respirator or powered air p urifying respirators (CDC, 2009). Bronchoalveolar lavage was a high-risk aerosol generating procedure which required excellent protection. If the clinician had a beard, a loose-fitting respirator could be used. The virus could be detected from the bronchoalveolar lavage, oropharyngeal swabs, or endotracheal aspirate as these specimens usually had the virus. The nasopharyngeal swab contained lesser virus so lower respiratory specimen should be taken (CDC, 2009). However nasopharyngeal swabs sufficed for detection of influenza viruses A and B. If most virus count needed to be isolated, multiple respiratory specimens from the same patient could be taken on other days too. The